Multidrug Resistant Microorganisms from Water Sources in Alabata Community

Abstract

Alabata community is a remote community with no infrastructural accessibility such as electricity, good road and good water sources; this makes the quality of the water sources available in the three villages within Alabata community questionable. The aim of this study was to investigate the microbial quality of different water sources from three villages (Fami, Oojo and Afemo) in Alabata community in relation to seasonal change. Drinking water sources (rain, river, hand dug well and bore-hole) in the three villages were collected during rainy and dry season. Microbial isolates in the water samples were enumerated and identified using standard microbiological technique. Antibiotic susceptibility test was determined using disc diffusion method. Result showed that during the dry season, Fami stored rain water sample had the highest bacterial count of 58cfu/100 ml in January and lowest count of 2cfu/100 ml in March was recorded from Ojoo bore-hole sample. Fami river gave the highest fungal count of 14 cfu/100ml and Afemo rain recorded least count of 3 cfu/ 100 ml in the rainy season. Highest and least bacterial counts of 64cfu/100 ml and 5cfu/100 ml from Fami river in June and Afemo river in July was recorded during the dry season. The predominant genus are Bacillus, Micrococcus, Pseudomonas, Citrobacter, Klebsiella, Aspergillus and Penicillium. Highest resistance Gram positive and negative bacteria isolates are Streptococcus sp and Proteus vulgaris, respectively. Highest and lowest resistance ranged from 16.0mm to 1.24mm for Gram positive bacteria as well as 13.6mm to 2 mm for Gram negative bacteria. All the fungal isolates were highly resistant to fluconazole in all the concentrations except for Rhodotorula sp at 8 (μg/ml). Highest susceptibility was exhibited by Aspergillus flavus (19.0) mm while Penicillum notatum gave the lowest sensitivity value of 1.3 mm. This study revealed that drinking water in Alabata Community contains antimicrobial resistance isolates and need adequate treatment.