Municipal Solid Waste Quantification for Biogas Production in Kano Metropolis, Kano State, Nigeria
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/Abstract
Municipal Solid Waste is a heterogeneous substance that composed of a wide range of materials (organics and inorganics). In the Kano metropolis, it predominantly (75%) comprises organic waste materials that can be converted into useful renewable energy in the form of biogas-via anaerobic digestion technique. The bulk of the organic components in the dumpsites degrade, emitting greenhouse gases and foul odours. The daily waste generation rate of 3,018,886kg/day was obtained by interpolating the population of the study area and its growth rate (3.4%) with the daily waste per capita generation and its growth rate (2.7%). While the waste projection was made to the year 2038, the projected quantity for the year 2038 was estimated to be 7,885.304 tons/day. To determine the composition of the MSW, 200kg of MSW was randomly sampled from different locations of each of the four designated dumpsites in Kano metropolis and spread on wide polythene and sorted manually. The composition analyses show that averagely 75% of the waste component was organic, highly suitable for biogas production. It was assumed that only 74% of the generated MSW reaches dumpsites, and this was used for the assessment. biogas generation potential in Kano metropolis.
References
AbdAlqader, A. and Hamad, J. (2012) Municipal Solid Waste Composition Determination Supporting the Integrated Solid Waste Management in Gaza Strip, International Journal of Environmental Science and Development, Vol. 3, No. 2, April 2012
Abebe, M. A (2018). “Challenges of Waste to Energy facility in Reppi (koshe), Addis Ababa city, “International Research Journal of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences (IRJPMS), Volume 1, Issue 4, pp. 9-16, 2018.
Aboyade A. (2004) The potential for climate change mitigation in the Nigerian solid waste disposal sector: a case study from Lagos. Sweden: Lund University, Sweden: Lund University; 2004.
Abur Benjamin Ternenge, Emmanuel Enomena Oguche & Gideon Ayuba Duvuna, (2014) Characterization of Municipal Solid Waste in the Federal Capital Abuja, Nigeria. Global Journal of Science Frontier Research, 14: 1-7.
Adewumi, J. R., Ajibade, F. O., Lasisi, K.H., and Oguntuase, A. M. (2017) Characterization of Municipal Solid Waste Generated in Akure Metropolis. Proceedings of the 2017 Annual Conference of the School of Engineering & Engineering Technology (SEET), The Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria, pp 584-595, 11-13 July, 2017.
Aguilar-Virgena, Q., Taboada-Gonzáleza, P., Ojeda-Benítezb, S., Cruz-Sotelo, S (2012). Power generation with biogas from municipal solid waste: Prediction of gas generation with in situ parameters. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 30 (2014) 412–419.
Al-Khatib, I. A, Monou, M (2010). Solid Waste Characterization, Quantification and Management Practices in Developing Countries. A Case Study: Nablus District-Palestine. Journal of Environmental Management 91 (2010) 1131–1138.
Amber, I., Kulla, D. M. Gukop, N (2012) ‘Generation Characteristics and Energy potential of Solid Municipal Waste in Nigeria’ Journal of Energy in Southern Africa Vol. 23 NO.3 August 2012.
Amigun, B., Sigamoney, R. & von Blottnitz, H. (2008). Commercialisation of biofuel industry in Africa: a review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 12(3): 690-711.
Arazo, R. O (2015). Compositions of Solid Wastes Generated from a School Campus. Ijret: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 pISSN: 2321-7308 Volume: 04 Issue: 10, Oct-2015, Available @ http://www.ijret.org.
Beede, D.N., and Bloom, D.E. (1995). The economics of municipal solid waste. The World Bank Research Observer 10(2), August, 113-150.
Das, S. Bhattacharyya, B.K (2014) Estimation of Municipal Solid Waste Generation and Future Trends in Greater Metropolitan Regions of Kolkata, India Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management Innovation, Vol. 1, No. 1 (October 2014), 31-38.
Daura, L. A (2015) Energy Generation and Greenhouse Gas Reduction Potentials of Municipal Solid Waste in Kano Metropolis, Ph.D. Thesis submitted to the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bayero University, Kano.
Daura, L. A. (2016) Electricity Generation Potential of Municipal Solid Waste in Kano Metropolis Journal of Scientific and Engineering Research, 2016, 3(4):157-161.
Giang, H. M. (2017) A Study on the Development of a Methodology for Sustainable Solid Waste Management System by using a Multi-Objective Decision Making Model, a Case Study in Hanoi An City, Vietnam, Ph.D. Thesis. Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University.
Gidarakos E, Havas G, Ntzamilis P. (2006) Municipal solid waste composition determination supporting the integrated solid waste management system in the island of Crete. Waste Manage 2006; 26:668–79.
Ibikunle R.A., Titiladunayo, I.F., Akinnulib, B.O., Dahunsic, S.O., Olayanjud, T.M.A. (2019b) Estimation of power generation from municipal solid wastes: A case Study of Ilorin metropolis, Nigeria, Energy Reports 5(2019) 126–135.
ICF/AfD, (2018). Solid Waste Management in Kano City: Feasibility Study-Report on Waste Characterization and Treatment Options. Marché Subsequen à l’accord-cadre de présentation d’études et d’assistance technique pour (Technical Report) l’initiative villes et changement climatique en Afrique subsaharienne (CICLIA)- Réf. AfD/DOEEBC/CLD/ACH-2017-026.
Kano State Government (2009) ‘Handbook on Procedures and Guidelines on Land Related Matters, Kano State Ministry of Lands and Physical Planning.
Kaplan, P.O., Carolis, J and Thorneloe, S (2009) Is It Better to Burn or Bury Waste for Clean Electricity Generation? Environ. Sci. Technol. 2009, 43, 1711–1717.
Kuleape, R.A, Cobbina, S.J, Dampare, S.B, Duweijuah, A.B, Amoako, E.E., and Asare, W (2014). Assessment of energy recovery potentials of solid waste generated in Akosombo, Ghana. African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, Vol 8(5), pp 297-305, May 2014.
Meizah, K., Obori-Danso, K., Kadar Z., Fie-Biffoe, B., Mensah, M. Y. (2015) Municipal Solid Waste Characterization and Quantification as a Measure towards Effective Waste Management in Ghana. Waste Management. 46 (2015) 15-27.
Moomaw, W., F. Yamba, M. Kamimoto, L. Maurice, J. Nyboer, K. Urama, T. Weir (2011): Introduction. In IPCC Special Report on Renewable Energy Sources and Climate Change Mitigation [O. Edenhofer, R. Pichs-Madruga, Y. Sokona, K. Seyboth, P. Matschoss, S. Kadner, T. Zwickel, P. Eickemeier, G. Hansen, S. Schlömer, C.von Stechow (eds.)], Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA.
Nabegu A B (2008a) Municipal Solid Waste Characteristics in three Residential Zones of Kano Metropolis: Implications for Management Maiduguri Journal of Arts and Social Sciences (6)1.
Nabegu, A. B. (2013) Application of One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) in Exploring Municipal Solid Waste Characteristics in Kano Metropolis, Northwestern Nigeria. Greener Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology Research ISSN: 2276-7835 Vol. 3 (2), pp. 062-067, February 2013.
Nabegu, A. B., & Mustapha, A. (2014). Enhancing awareness and participation of municipal solid waste management in Kano Metropolis, Nigeria. World Scientific News, 5, 46-53.
Nabegu, A.B (2008b). The Role of Refuse Management and Sanitation Board (REMASAB) in Solid Waste Management in Kano Metropolis. Maiduguri Journal of Arts and Social Sciences Volume 6 Number 2 December 2008.
Nabegu, A.B (2014). The Potential of Municipal Solid Waste as a Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) Project in Kano Metropolis, Nigeria. Greener Journal of Social Sciences, ISSN: 2276-7800, ICV 2012: 5.99. Vol. 4 (2), pp. 130-138.
Nadeem K, Farhan K, Ilyas H (2016) Waste Amount Survey and Physico-Chemical Analysis of Municipal Solid Waste Generated in Gujranwala, Pakistan. Int. J Waste Resource 6: 196. doi: 10.4172/2252-5211.1000196.
NPopC (2006) 2006 National Population Commission Census, 2006. Federal Republic official Gazette, Government notice No 2. National Population Commission, Abuja, Nigeria.
Ogwueleka T. Ch. (2009) Municipal Solid Waste Characteristics and Management in Nigeria, Iran J. Environ. Health. Sci. Eng., 2009, Vol. 6, No. 3, pp. 173-180.
Olofin, E. A. and Tanko A. I. (2002) Laboratory of Areal Differentiation – Metropolitan Kano in Geographic perspective, Department of Geography Field Studies Series 1. Bayero University Kano.
Oumarou, M. B., Dauda, M., Abdulrahim, A. T., Abubakar, A. B. (2012) Characterization and Generation of Municipal Solid Waste in North Central Nigeria. International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) Vol. 2, Issue.5, Sep-Oct. 2012 pp-3669-3672.
Rathi, S., and Kumar, P (2014). Electrical Energy Recovery from Municipal Solid Waste of Kanpur City, International journal of scientific research engineering and technology (IJSRET), ISSN 2278-0882, Volume 3, Issue 5, 923-970, August 2014.
Scarlata, N., Motola, V., Dallemand, J.F., Monforti-Ferrario., Mofor, L. (2015). Evaluation of Energy Potential of Municipal Solid Waste from African Urban Areas. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 50 (2015) 1269-1286.
Tanko, A. I (2016) Urban Energy Challenges in Sub-Saharan Africa, Current Options in Environmental Sustainability 2016, 20: 80-85.
Thenmozhi Murugaian Palanivel and Hameed Sulaiman (2014). Generation and Composition of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) in Muscat, Sultanate of Oman, APCBEE Procedia 10 (2014) 96 – 102, ICESD 2014: February 19-21, Singapore.
Thitame, S. N., ·Pondhe, G. M. Meshram, D. C. (2010) Characterization and composition of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) generated in Sangamner City, District Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India. Environ Monit. Assess (2010) 170:1–5 DOI 10.1007/s10661-009-1209-
Whitty, K., Smith, C., Quintero, M., and Benitez, S. O. (2016). Opportunities for Energy Production from Solid Waste in the Mexicali/Imperial Valley Region Project Number: Hw-06-3.
World Bank (1999) World Bank Technical Guidance Report: Municipal Solid Waste Incineration.The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / THE WORLD BANK 1818 H Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20433, U.S.A.
World Bank (2012). What a Waste – A Global Review of Solid Waste Management, Urban Development Series Knowledge Papers, World Bank, Washington, DC, USA.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 LASU Journal of Environmental Sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
The copyright belongs to the Journal of Environmental Sciences (LASU-JES), faculty of Environmental Sciences, Lagos State University.
