Assessment of Environmental and Sociocultural Determinants of Malaria Incidence at Household Level in Bade Local Area, Yobe State Nigeria
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/Keywords:
Environmental factors, Malaria, Multiple linear regression, Yobe StateAbstract
Malaria is one of the most serious health challenges, causing illness and deaths, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. The study investigated the effects of environmental and sociocultural factors on malaria incidence at the household level. Data for the study were derived from a questionnaire survey in which 385 household heads participated.Physical environmental variables (distance to mosquito breeding sites and vegetation cover) and built environmental variables (condition of sewers, distance to garbage dumpsites, type of house, availability and condition of water storage containers in the house, type of plant cover within residential houses, and type of animal kept in residential compounds) were analysed to determine their effects on malaria incidence using multiple linear regression.The results showed that out of 22 variables, only seven—distance from house to water bodies, distance to farmland, distance to shrubland, distance to dumpsite, present condition of walls, present condition of roofs, and outdoor sleeping—were significantly associated with the history of malaria in the household (p < 0.05). The variables jointly accounted for 76.4% of malaria incidence in the area.The study indicated that several physical and social environmental factors, such as distance to water bodies (β = 0.046, p = 0.043), distance to vegetated lands (β = 0.118, p = 0.013), condition of walls and roofs of dwelling units (β = 0.157, p = 0.022), and outdoor sleeping behaviour (β = 0.771, p = 0.018), favoured malaria incidence in households. These identified risk factors should be integrated into developing effective malaria control strategies in the area.
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