Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) of Factors Affecting Financial Bid Evaluation Methods for Contract Award in Public Organization

Authors

  • Mohammed Lawal Yahaya Department of Physical Planning and Development, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Sokoto State, Nigeria Author https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1495-1846
  • Adewunmi Joseph Babalola Department of Quantity Surveying, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University of Lagos, Akoka Yaba, Lagos State, Nigeria Author
  • Bashar Abdulhakeem Author
  • Muhammad Jamil Abubakar Department of Quantity Surveying, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Federal University, Birnin Kebbi, Kebbi State, Nigeria Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16925225

Keywords:

Evaluation, Financial Bids, Nigeria, Public Projects, Structural Equation Modeling

Abstract

Financial bids evaluation criteria in used has their own limitations as well as challenges despite the facts of it wide applications. Researchers focus mainly on their advantages, adaptation, medium term solutions and lapses of the traditional price based method only. The aim of the study was to evaluate the limitation and challenges associated with the various approaches used in award criterion and the specific implications of those factors on the organizations. To attain this goal, quantitative approach design method was adopted. Questionnaires were administered to 56 respondents using simple random sampling techniques in six geo-political zones of Nigeria. Data were collected from the target respondent and analyzed using descriptive and  partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM), resulting the various statistical output that were used to accept or reject the research hypotheses. The result from the measurement and structural models has shown five (5) major limitations (22.90%) and seven (7) challenges (24.90%) associated with the used of lowest-responsive based criteria method by organizations. Three (3) significant limitations (3.2%) and two (2) challenges (9.6%) were identified in the used of multi-criteria method in the various organization surveyed. The study concludes that there are about 77.1% to 96.8% of other limitations and challenges that were not being identified in the study that are related to the various criterions. Mitigating such factors by organization will enhance their procurement process and improve sustainability in the whole system and value for money will be achieve more than before in those public organizations.

References

Ajaelu, H., Samuel, I.J.O. & Isiofia, L.A., (2021). Assessment of Tendering Processes for Construction Projects and its Effect on Public Project Delivery in Nigeria. African Research Journal of the Environment, Vol. 4(1)

Alexanderson, G& Hulten, S. (2006). Predatory Bidding in Competitive Tenders: A Swedish Case Study, European Journal of Law and Economics, 29-36.

Alptekin G.I. & Büyüközkan , G. (2011). An integrated case-based reasoning and MCDM system for Web based tourism destination planning. Journal of Expert System Applied 38: 2125-2132.

Asiedu, Y., & Gu, P. (1998). Product life cycle cost analysis: State of the art review. International Journal of Production Research, 36(4), 883-908. doi: 10.1080/002075498193444

Bagozzi, R. P., & Yi, Y. (1988). On the evaluation of structural equation models. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 16(1), 74-94.

Cohen, S. (2011). Folk devils and moral panics. Routledge.

Ellram, L. M., & Siferd, S. P. (1998). Total cost of ownership: A key concept in strategic cost management decisions. Journal of Business Logistics, 19(1), 55-84.

Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981b). Structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error: Algebra and statistics: SAGE Publications Sage CA: Los Angeles, CA

Geisser, S. (1974). A predictive approach to the random effect model. Biometrika, 61(1), 101-107

George, D., & Mallery, P. (2010). SPSS for Windows step by step. A simple study guide and reference. GEN, Boston, MA: Pearson Education, Inc.

George, D., & Mallery, P. (2019). IBM SPSS statistics 26 step by step: A simple guide and reference. Routledge.

Hair Jr, J. F., Sarstedt, M., Hopkins, L., & Kuppelwieser, V. G. (2014a). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). European Business Review, 25(2), 106-121.

Hair, J. F., Gabriel, M., & Patel, V. (2014b). AMOS covariance-based structural equation modeling (CB-SEM): Guidelines on its application as a marketing research tool. Brazilian Journal of Marketing, 13(2), 654-695

Hair, J. F., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2013). Partial least squares structural equation modeling: Rigorous applications, better results and higher acceptance. Long Range Planning, 46(1-2), 1-12.

Hair, J. F., Risher, J. J., Sarstedt, M., & Ringle, C. M. (2019). When to use and how to report the results of PLS-SEM. European Business Review, 31(1), 2-24.

Hair, J. F., Sarstedt, M., Ringle, C. M., & Mena, J. A. (2012). An assessment of the use of partial least squares structural equation modeling in marketing research. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 40(3), 414-433.

Hatush, Z., & Skitmore, M., (1997). Criteria for Contractor Selections. Construction Management and Economics 15

Henseler, J. (2017). Bridging design and behavioral research with variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of Advertising, 46(1), 178-192.

Henseler, J., & Sarstedt, M. (2013). Goodness-of-fit indices for partial least squares path modeling. Computational Statistics, 28(2), 565-580

Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the academy of marketing science, 43(1), 115-135.

Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the academy of marketing science, 43(1), 115-135.

Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the academy of marketing science, 43(1), 115-135

Heralova, R.S., (2014). Life Cycle costing in the preparation of public works contracts. International Scientific Conference: People, Building and Environment (PBE 2014), October 2014, Kroměřiž, Czeck Republic, pp. 15-17.

Ishiyaku, B. (2016). Evaluation of Nigerian Public Housing Performance Using Accupants' Experience and Satisfaction (Doctoral dissertation, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia).

Ishiyaku, B., Kasim, R., & Harir, A. (2016). Confirmatory factoral validity of public housing performance evaluation constructs. Journal of Building Performance, 7(1), 35-67

Kaplan, R. S., & Norton, D. P. (1996). Linking the balanced scorecard to strategy. California Management Review, 39(1), 53-79.

Khan H.T., & Khan, Q. A., (2015). Effect of Lowest Bidding Bid Awarding System in Public Sector Construction Project in Pakistan, Global Journal of Management and Business Research 15(1).

Lowry, P. B., & Gaskin, J. (2014). Partial least squares (PLS) structural equation modeling (SEM) for building and testing behavioral causal theory: When to choose it and how to use it. IEEE transactions on professional communication, 57(2), 123-146.

Mahmoodzadeh, S., Shahrabi, J., Pariazar, M. & Zaeri, M. S. (2007). Project selection by using Fuzzy AHP and TOPSIS technique. World Academy of Science Engineering Technology 6: 333-338.

Memon, A. H., & Rahman, I. A. (2013). Analysis of cost overrun factors for small scale construction projects in Malaysia using PLS-SEM method. Modern Applied Science, 7(8), 78-88

Olander, S., & Norinder, H., (2024). Using Past Performance as an Award Criteria in EU Public Procurement. 12th Nordoc Conference on Construction Economics and Organization: In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1389

Ozyurek, I., & Erdal, M., (2018). Assessment of Qualification Criteria Described in Public Procurement Law Code 4734 in Construction Works by Analytic Hierarchy Processes (AHP). Gazi University Journal of Science Vol. 31(2)

Ozyurek, I., & Erdal, M., (2023). Solution Proposals based on Fuzzy AHP-TOPSIS Hybrid Model to the Problem in Public Works Procurement in Turkey. Turkish Journal of Civil Engineering

Pallant, J. (2011).A step by step guide to data analysis using SPSS version 18: SPSS Survival Manual 4th edition, Maidenhead, Berkshire: Open University Press. Retrieved on 20th November, 2024 from http://www. allenandunwin. com/spss

Panuwatwanich, K., & Uduwage, N., (2022). Novel Framework for Contract Awarding Process for Public Construction Projects in Sri-Lanka; Learning from a systematic literature review. 12th International Conference on Engineering, Project and Production Management (EPPM 2022) At: Athens, Greece.

Plebankiewicz E & Kozik R (2016). Changes in construction contract selection criteria in Polish condition, International Scientific Conference People, Buildings and Environment 2016 (PBE 2016) 29 September –1 October, 2016, Luhacovice, Czech Republic, http://www.fce.vutbr.cz/ekr/pbe/Proceedings/2016/009_16106.pdf

Plebankiewicz, E., & Kozik, R., (2017). The Transformation of the Tender Evaluation Process in Public Procurement in Poland: IOP Conference Series: Material Science and Engineering

PPA (2007) Public Procurement Act 2007, Federal Republic of Nigeria

Ringle, C. M., Wende, S., & Becker, J. M. (2024). Discriminant validity assessment and heterotrait-monotrait ratio of correlations (HTMT).

San Cristobal, J. R., (2012). Contractor Selection Using Multi-Criteria Decision Making Methods. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 138(6)

Sarstedt, M., Ringle, C. M., Smith, D., Reams, R., & Hair Jr, J. F. (2014). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM): A useful tool for family business researchers. Journal of Family Business Strategy, 5(1), 105-115.

Shmueli, G., Ray, S., Estrada, J. M. V., & Chatla, S. B. (2016). The elephant in the room: Predictive performance of PLS models. Journal of business Research, 69(10), 4552-4564.

Singh, D. & Tiong, R., (2005). A Fuzzy Decision Framework for Contractor Selection. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 1(62)

Sope Williams-Elegbe (2015). A Comparative Analysis of the Nigerian Public Procurement Act Against International Best Practice. Journal of African Law, 59, pp 85-98

Suleiman, S., Saidu, I.I., Adamu, A.D. & Tsado, A.J., (2024). Management of Bid Evaluation Risks in Procurement of Construction Projects of Public Tertiary Institution in Nigeria. Environmental Technology and Science Journal 15(1)

Tabachnick, B., Fidell, L.(2001), Using Multivariate Statistics, Allyn & Bacon, Needham Heights, MA

Tenenhaus, M., Amato, S., & Esposito Vinzi, V. (2004). A global goodness-of-fit index for PLS structural equation modelling. In Proceedings of the XLII SIS Scientific Meeting, 1(2), 739-742).

Vinzi, V. E., Trinchera, L., & Amato, S. (2010). PLS path modeling: from foundations to recent developments and open issues for model assessment and improvement. In Handbook of partial least squares (pp. 47-82). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

Wong, K. K.-K. (2016). Mediation analysis, categorical moderation analysis, and higher-order construct modeling in Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM): A B2B Example using SmartPLS. Marketing Bulletin, 26.

Yahaya, M. L., Oyediran,O.S., & Onukwube, H.N (2019a). Challenges of PPA 2007 in the Implementation of Government Policies Related to the Construction Industry. Journal of Civil and Construction Engineering Vol. 5(3)

Yahaya, M. L., Oyediran, O.S., & Onukuwbe, H. N., (2019b). Evaluating Factors Affecting Transaction Costs of Contractors in Public Procurement in Nigeria: PLS-SEM Approach. FUTY Journal of the Environment, 13(1), 46-64.

Downloads

Published

22.08.2025

Issue

Section

Articles

How to Cite

Yahaya, M. L. ., Babalola, A. J. ., Abdulhakeem, B. ., & Abubakar, M. J. . (2025). Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) of Factors Affecting Financial Bid Evaluation Methods for Contract Award in Public Organization. LASU Journal of Environmental Sciences, 1(1), 1-26. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16925225

Similar Articles

1-10 of 19

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.