Transnational Crimes And National Security: An Overview

Abstract

Organized crime has traditionally been seen as a domestic problem
bedeviling a relatively small number of state such as Italy, United States,
and Japan. In the last few years, however, there, has been a recognition
that the problem is no longer limited to a few states and can no longer be
treated as something that fall within a single jurisdiction. The rise of a global
market for illicit drugs, the end of the Cold War and the barriers between
East and West, the collapse of the criminal Justice system in Russia and
the other states of the former Soviet Union, the development of free trade
areas in Western Europe and North America, and the emergence of global
financial and trading systems have fundamentally changed the context in
which criminal organizations operate and encouraged what had been,
predominately domestic groups to develop into transnational criminal
organizations (TOCs).'